جريدة الراية: الديكتاتورية ونظام الحكم في الإسلام
August 31, 2021

جريدة الراية: الديكتاتورية ونظام الحكم في الإسلام

Al Raya sahafa

2021-09-01

جريدة الراية: الديكتاتورية ونظام الحكم في الإسلام

عند استعراض أنظمة الحكم التي عرفتها البشرية نجدها صنفين:

الأول: نظام حكم أنزله الله على أنبيائه لسياسة الناس بشرعه، ومنه نظام الحكم في الإسلام، قالَ ﷺ: «كَانَت بَنُو إسرَائِيلَ تَسُوسُهُمُ الأَنْبياءُ، كُلَّما هَلَكَ نَبِيٌّ خَلَفَهُ نَبيٌّ، وَإنَّهُ لا نَبِيَّ بَعدي، وسَيَكُونُ بَعدي خُلَفَاءُ فَيَكثُرُونَ»، المشرع فيه هو خالق الكون والإنسان والحياة، المتصف بصفات الكمال المطلق، المحيط بكل شيء علما، فلا يأتيه نقص ولا قصور، وهو التشريع الصالح للبشرية إلى قيام الساعة، وهو تشريع خال من الهوى، وينعم بعدله المؤمن والكافر.

الثاني: نظام حكم من وضع البشر صانعه إنسان هواه لا يفارقه، وأساس تشريعه الهوى، قال تعالى: ﴿وَلَوِ اتَّبَعَ الْحَقُّ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ لَفَسَدَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهِنَّ﴾، وهو نظام ديكتاتوري، إما بصورة صريحة، باستبداد جهة ما بصلاحيات مطلقة، فهي المشرعة وهي المنفذة ولا تخضع لأي مساءلة، ولا تقبل أي رأي آخر، كنظام الملوك والأباطرة، وإما بطريقة مخادعة تحتال على الجمهور بشعارات مزيفة، وفي حقيقتها هي أنظمة مستبدة، ومنها النظام الرأسمالي الذي يدعي الديمقراطية.

ولتوضيح الصورة نلقي نظرة سريعة مختصرة على مفهوم الديكتاتورية:

فالديكتاتورية هي شكل من أشكال الحكم، يكون فيها شخص واحد أو حزب واحد أو مجموعة صغيرة تمتلك السلطة المطلقة، وهي آتية من اللغة اللاتينية، فديكتاتور تعني تعيين قاض بشكل مؤقت يمنح صلاحيات استثنائية كبيرة من أجل التعامل مع أزمة تمر بها الدولة. وأصبح اصطلاحا يطلق على كل حكم مطلق، يجمع فيه الحاكم كل السلطات؛ التشريع والتنفيذ، فلا يسأل عما يفعل، ولا يسمح بأي رأي آخر. وأطلقته الرأسمالية على كل ما خالف ديمقراطيتها حتى وإن كان نظاما ربانيا.

ومما لا خلاف فيه أن الأنظمة الملكية المطلقة ينطبق عليها المصطلح. ولكن هل النظام الديمقراطي هو نظام ديكتاتوري؟

عند دراسة النظام الديمقراطي بعمق نجد ظاهره ديمقراطيا وحقيقته ديكتاتوريا.

كيف ذلك؟ على النحو التالي:

- يقولون إن الحكم للشعب وأن الشعب هو مصدر السلطات؛ التشريعية والتنفيذية والقضائية، والحقيقة أن الشعب لا يشرع ولا ينفذ ولا يعين القضاة.

وما يجري في الواقع هو عملية انتخابية تكلف المليارات التي لا طاقة للعامة بها، فينبري لها أصحاب رؤوس الأموال الذين يؤسسون الأحزاب وينفقون الأموال الطائلة لسوق العامة بالوعود الكاذبة، وتحت تأثير الإعلام المضلل، حتى غدوا هم الحكام الحقيقيين وأصبحوا هم المتحكمين في التشريع، وكان وصفه بالرأسمالي هو أصدق وصفا له.

- ففي النظام الديمقراطي الرئاسي تجتمع كل الصلاحيات بيد الرئيس وهو وحده الذي يعين مستشاريه ووزراءه وسائر أفراد إدارته ولا علاقة للشعب بذلك.

- وفي النظام الديمقراطي البرلماني، الحزب الفائز هو من يملك كل الصلاحيات وهو الذي يشكل حكومته وينفذ برامجه، وبحكم غالبيته في البرلمان هو الذي يمرر التشريعات التي يريد، ولا علاقة للشعب في كل ذلك، ونواب الشعب ليس لهم إلا التصويت على ما يعرض عليهم من تشريعات هي إحدى خيارات الحاكم الحقيقي رئيسا كان أم حزبا (الدولة العميقة)، فلم تعرف البشرية نظاما مثيلا له في وحشيته وجشعه، يتحكم فيه قلة من الرأسماليين الذي صاغوا التشريعات وحددوا القيم التي تخدم مصالحهم على حساب الأخلاق والإنسانية وسحق الشعوب.

ووفق تعريفهم للديكتاتورية نجد النظام الرأسمالي نظاما ديكتاتوريا بشعا مغلفا بديمقراطية خادعة، ظاهره الرحمة وحقيقته قبح وشقاء وإجرام، فإذا أتت الديمقراطية لهم بربح رحبوا بها، وإن عارضت مصالحهم سحقوها تحت أقدامهم!

وعودا إلى نظام الحكم في الإسلام نجد أنه نظام متميز عن سائر الأنظمة الوضعية؛ فهو ليس نظاما ديمقراطيا الناس فيه هم المشرعون، ولا ديكتاتوريا، بل إنه نظام رباني مأخوذ من الوحي، مما شرعه الله لعباده:

- السيادة فيه للشرع، فالمشرع هو الله وحده، والعقيدة الإسلامية هي أساس دولته، ومنها ينبثق دستورها وسائر قوانينها، وتقوم بسياسة الدنيا وحراسة الدين، تنظر للرعية نظرة واحدة بغض النظر عن العنصر أو اللون أو الدين.

- السلطان فيه للأمة، فهي التي تبايع خليفتها فلا يكون خليفة إلا من جاء عن طريقها ببيعة رضا واختيار، قال عمر بن الخطاب في خطبة له "من بايع رجلا عن غير مشورة من المسلمين فلا يبايع هو ولا الذي بايعه، تغرة أن يقتلا"، وهذا على مسامع الصحابة وإجماعهم.

فلم يعرف التاريخ أرقى من طريقة الإسلام في اختيار الخليفة، فيجب أن يحوز شروط انعقاد واستمرار، منها الإسلام والعدالة والكفاية، ثم شروط أفضلية منها الاجتهاد، ثم شروط جعلية يشترطها المسلمون عليه.

- للخليفة وحده حق تبني أحكام شرعية بناء على قوة الدليل ليسنها قوانين لرعاية الشؤون، وهو واجب الطاعة في غير معصية، وأمره نافذ ظاهرا وباطنا، ورأيه يرفع الخلاف، قال أبو بكر في أول خطبة له "أما بعد أيها الناس، فإني قد وليت عليكم ولست بخيركم، فإن أحسنت فأعينوني، وإن أسأت فقوموني، الصدق أمانة، والكذب خيانة، والضعيف فيكم قوي عندي حتى أريح عليه حقه، والقوى فيكم ضعيف حتى آخذ الحق منه، أطيعوني ما أطعت الله ورسوله، فإذا عصيت الله ورسوله فلا طاعة لي عليكم".

- دولة الإسلام دولة بشرية، فأوجب الله على المسلمين مراقبة الحكام مراقبة فاعلة، تكون الأمة كلها معه في حال إحسانه، وتقف كلها في وجهه وتأخذ على يده في حال إساءته، وتعزله إن لزم الأمر، وتنابذه بالسيف إن أظهر الكفر البواح، وذلك عبر مؤسسات فاعلة منها:

- مجلس أمة يمثل الأمة تمثيلا حقيقيا، ويعبر عن إرادتها، يراقب ويحاسب.

- محكمة مظالم تملك محاكمة الحكام والولاة وتعزلهم إن استحقوا العزل.

- أحزاب حقيقية لها جمهور عريض تراقب وتحاسب الحاكم تعينه في إحسانه وتقوم اعوجاجه.

- القيام بفرضية الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر والأخذ على يد الظالم وأطره على الحق أطرا.

- كل ذلك بوعي الجماهير على دينها وحقوقها، وغرس عزة الإسلام في النفوس الأبية، التي لا تنام على ضيم ولا تأخذها في الله لومة لائم.

 أما بالنسبة للشورى في الإسلام فإن الله قد أوجب على الحاكم استشارة المسلمين وجعلها حقا من حقوقهم، ومدحهم على ذلك، قال تعالى: ﴿وَشَاوِرْهُمْ فِي الْأَمْرِ﴾ وقال سبحانه: ﴿وَأَمْرُهُمْ شُورَى بَيْنَهُمْ﴾.

إلا أن الشورى ليست للتشريع وإنما لأخذ الرأي مطلقا، وتكون على النحو التالي:

- الرأي التشريعي الذي يتطلب اجتهادا في النصوص فيؤخذ فيه بقوة الدليل ولا قيمة لكثرة أو قلة.

- الرأي الفكري والفني يؤخذ فيه برأي أهل الخبرة والاختصاص، ولا قيمة للغالبية، كما وقع في معركة الخندق وفي بدر حيث أخذ الرسول برأي الخبرة الحربية وترك رأيه اعتمادا على الصواب.

- الرأي المتعلق بعمل فيه قضاء مصالح الناس، فيؤخذ برأي الغالبية.

فكانت الشورى منارة هدي واسترشاد، وتأليفا للقلوب وتوحيدا للصفوف، وحفظا للأمة وكيانها ودولتها، وعزة لكل من استظل بظلها. ﴿لِمِثْلِ هَذَا فَلْيَعْمَلِ الْعَامِلُونَ﴾.

بقلم: الأستاذ سعيد رضوان أبو عواد

المصدر: جريدة الراية

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Ar-Raya Newspaper: Ar-Raya Miscellany – Issue 573

Al Raya sahafa

2025-11-12

Ar-Raya Newspaper:Ar-Raya Miscellany – Issue 573

O people of Sudan: How long will the conflict in Sudan and elsewhere remain fuel for international ambitions and their struggle with their malicious plans, interventions, and supplying the conflicting parties with weapons to completely control it?! Your women and children have been suffering for more than two years from this bloody conflict that only serves the interests of the West and its allies in controlling the fate of Sudan, which has always been coveted for its location and wealth, so it is in their interest to tear it apart and fragment it. The Rapid Support Forces' seizure of Al-Fashir is just another episode in these plans, as America wants to carve out the Darfur region and concentrate its influence in Sudan and eliminate British influence in it.

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The Goal of Ortagus' Visit

to Lebanon!

In light of the American offensive against Lebanon and the region with the project of normalization and surrender, and the US administration's endeavor under Trump and his team to bring more rulers of Muslim countries into the Abraham Accords, the visit of the American envoy Morgan Ortagus to Lebanon and the usurping Jewish entity comes, loaded with political, security, and economic pressures, threats, and conditions on Lebanon, noting that this visit coincided with the visit of the Secretary-General of the Arab League and the Director of Egyptian Intelligence, apparently to serve the same direction.

In response to these visits, a media statement from the Media Office of Hizb ut-Tahrir in Wilayah Lebanon affirmed the following:

First: The interventions of America and its followers in Muslim countries are to serve the interests of America and the Jewish entity, not to serve our interests, especially since America is the first supporter of the Jewish entity in politics, economy, finance, weapons, and media, openly and publicly.

Second: The envoy's visit is not a neutral visit, as some may imagine! Rather, it comes in the context of a clear American policy in the region that supports the Jewish entity and contributes to enabling it militarily and politically, and what the American envoy offers is only an imposition of hegemony, a consecration of subservience, and a diminution of sovereignty, which is a form of surrender and submission to the Jews, and this is what God refuses for the people of Islam.

Third: Accepting these dictates and signing any agreements that consecrate foreign tutelage is a betrayal of God, His Messenger, the Ummah, and everyone who fought or sacrificed to remove this usurping entity from Lebanon and Palestine.

Fourth: Dealing with the Jewish entity is a crime in the legal sense for the vast majority of the people of Lebanon, Muslims and non-Muslims, even in the positive law to which the Lebanese authority resorts, or human law in general, especially after the criminal entity committed genocide in Gaza, which it has not and will not hesitate to do in Lebanon and other Muslim countries.

Fifth: The American campaign and offensive on the region will not pass, and America will not succeed in its endeavor to shape the region as it desires, and if it has its project for the region, which is based on colonialism, plundering peoples, misleading Muslims, and even taking them out of their religion by calling for the (Abrahamic religion), then Muslims, in return, have their project promised by God Almighty; the project of the Second Khilafah according to the method of Prophethood, which has become very close, God willing, and this project is the one that will redraw the region, and even the entire world, anew, in fulfillment of the saying of the Messenger ﷺ: "Indeed, God showed me the earth, and I saw its east and its west, and my nation will reach what was shown to me of it." Narrated by Muslim, and the Jewish entity will be eliminated as the Messenger of God ﷺ foretold in his hadith: "The Hour will not come until the Muslims fight the Jews and the Muslims kill them..." Agreed upon.

In conclusion, Hizb ut-Tahrir/ Wilayah Lebanon continues to adopt the task of repelling America's campaign and offensive of normalization and surrender on Lebanon and the region, and nothing will deter it from doing so, and we warn the Lebanese authority against following the path of normalization and surrender! And we call on it to seek refuge in its people to confront that, and not to play around with the matter under the pretext of borders or reconstruction and the influence of the international system, ﴿And Allah is predominant over His affair, but most people do not know.﴾.

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A Delegation from Hizb ut-Tahrir/ Wilayah Sudan

Meets with a Number of Dignitaries from the City of Al-Ubayyid

A delegation from Hizb ut-Tahrir/ Wilayah Sudan, on Monday, November 3, 2025, visited a number of dignitaries from the city of Al-Ubayyid, the capital of North Kordofan. The delegation was led by Professor Al-Nazeer Muhammad Hussein Abu Minhaj, a member of the Hizb ut-Tahrir Council in Wilayah Sudan, accompanied by Engineer Banqa Hamid and Professor Muhammad Saeed Boukeh, members of Hizb ut-Tahrir.

The delegation met with:

Professor Khalid Hussein - Head of the Democratic Unionist Party, Jalaa Al-Azhari wing.

Dr. Abdullah Youssef Abu Seil - Lawyer and Professor of Law at universities.

Sheikh Abdul Rahim Jouda - From the Ansar al-Sunna group.

Mr. Ahmed Muhammad - Suna News Agency correspondent.

The meetings touched on the topic of the hour; the fall of Al-Fashir and the accompanying crimes of the militia against the people of the city, and the betrayal of the army leaders, who did not fulfill their duty towards the people of Al-Fashir and lift the siege on them, while they were capable of doing so throughout the period of the siege, and the repeated attacks on them, more than 266 attacks.

Then the delegation handed them a copy of the publication of Hizb ut-Tahrir/ Wilayah Sudan entitled: "The fall of Al-Fashir opens the way for America's plan to carve out the Darfur region and concentrate its influence in Sudan. How long will we be fuel for the international conflict?!" Their reactions were excellent and they called for the continuation of these meetings.

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"Phoenix Express 2025" Exercises

A Chapter in Tunisia's Submission to American Hegemony

Tunisia's preparation to host the new version of the multilateral naval exercise "Phoenix Express 2025" during the month of November comes, which is the exercise that the US Africa Command has become organizing annually after the regime in Tunisia involved the country by signing with America, on 2020/09/30, a military cooperation agreement, which US Secretary of Defense Mark Esper described as a roadmap that lasts for ten years.

In this regard, a press statement by Hizb ut-Tahrir / Wilayah Tunisia reminded that the party clarified when this dangerous agreement was signed that the matter goes beyond traditional agreements, as America is drawing up a huge project that requires 10 full years to complete, and that the roadmap, according to America's claim, is related to border control, port protection, combating extremist ideology, and confronting Russia and China, and this means, with all impudence, a diminution of Tunisia's sovereignty, but rather it is direct tutelage over our country.

The statement affirmed that Hizb ut-Tahrir in Wilayah Tunisia, despite the harassment, arrests, and military trials that our youth are subjected to as a result of their speaking out with the word of truth, reaffirms its call to dissolve this ominous colonial agreement that is intended to drag the country and the entire Islamic Maghreb and adapt them to the malicious American policies, and also repeated its appeal to the people of power and strength in Tunisia and all Muslim countries to pay attention to what the enemies of the Ummah are plotting against them and luring them to, and that the Shariah duty requires them to support their religion and repel the enemy lurking in their countries and their Ummah, and to exalt the word of God by supporting those who work to implement His Shariah and establish His state, the Second Khilafah Rashidah according to the method of Prophethood promised soon, God willing.

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America's Disdain for Its Citizens

Leaves Women and Children Hungry

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is a federal program that helps low-income individuals and families and people with disabilities obtain electronic benefits that are used to purchase food and beverages, except for alcohol, and plants to grow their own food. Reports indicate that 42 million Americans rely on SNAP benefits to feed themselves and their families. 54% of adults who receive food assistance are women, most of whom are single mothers, and 39% are children, meaning that nearly one in five children relies on these benefits to ensure they don't go hungry. The federal shutdown also forced some states to find other ways to fund free and reduced-price food programs in their educational areas, so that children who rely on food during the school day would not have to live without food. As a result, the many food banks spread throughout the country post pictures of empty shelves and ask people to donate food and grocery store gift cards to meet the increasing demand for food.

Accordingly, the Women's Section in the Central Media Office of Hizb ut-Tahrir said in a press statement: We may ask how can the richest country in the world ignore the fact that millions of its most vulnerable citizens will not find enough food? You may wonder where America spends its money, even during the shutdown? Well, instead of ensuring that Americans get enough food, they send billions of dollars to the Jewish entity to kill Palestinians. He is a ruler who sees building a luxurious celebration hall as more important than anything else, while other deputies find that their personal investments are given priority over the well-being of the people they are supposed to represent! As you can see, capitalist America has never been interested in caring for the affairs of its citizens, but was only interested in providing military and financial support to those who deprive children around the world of their right to security, food, shelter, and education, which are basic necessities. Therefore, it leaves children in America also suffering from hunger and insecurity, and lacking adequate education and health care.

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"Every Muslim is inviolable to another Muslim: his blood, his wealth, and his honor."

To every Muslim, to every officer, soldier, and policeman, to everyone who owns a weapon: God Almighty has granted us reason to think with, and obligated us to use it correctly, so one should not act, perform any action, or utter any statement before knowing its Shariah ruling. Knowing the Shariah ruling requires understanding the reality to which the Shariah ruling is to be applied, so the Muslim must enjoy political awareness, so that he perceives matters as they really are, and is not carried away by the plans of the colonizing disbelievers who do not want good for us or for Islam, and who strive with all their might, cunning, and ingenuity to tear us apart, control our countries, and plunder our capabilities and wealth. How can a Muslim accept to be a tool in the hands of those colonizing disbelievers, or an executor of the orders of their agents?! Does he covet a little of the fleeting pleasures of this world, so he loses his Hereafter and is among the people of the Fire, abiding therein forever, cursed and expelled from the mercy of God? Does a Muslim accept to please any of the created, helpless humans while angering God Almighty, in whose hand is this world and the Hereafter?!

Hizb ut-Tahrir calls you to raise the level of political awareness, adhere to the rulings of God Almighty, and work with it to rule according to what God has revealed, so that it removes the hands of the colonizing disbelievers and their agents from you, and thwarts their plans in our countries.

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You Are the Ones Who Starved the Muslims

O Masoud Pezeshkian!

Under this title, the Central Media Office of Hizb ut-Tahrir said in a press statement: Iran has announced the bankruptcy of the largest private bank in it, which is (Ayandeh) Bank, and this bank has 270 branches in Iran, after the debts on it increased to five billion dollars. What is surprising in the matter is the criticism of Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian for administrative failure, saying: "We have oil and gas, but we are hungry"!

The statement affirmed: The person responsible for that administrative failure that the Iranian president is talking about is the president himself, so why is the Iranian people hungry - O Masoud Pezeshkian - and you have oil, gas, and other wealth and minerals? Is it not a result of your foolish policies? Is it not due to your distance from ruling by Islam? The same can be said about the rest of the Muslim countries. The foolish rulers in them squander the Ummah's huge wealth, enable the colonizing disbelievers to access it, and deprive the Ummah of that wealth, then one of them comes to justify the reason for the hunger by saying that it is an administrative failure!

In conclusion, the press statement addressed the Muslims: The foolishness of these rulers who are in charge of your affairs has become clear to every sighted person, and they are not worthy of taking charge of it. It is time for you to restrain them, for this is the ruling of the fool; preventing him from disposing of money and restraining him, and pledge allegiance to one Khaleefah who rules you with the Shariah of God Almighty, and cancels the riba system in your countries so that your Lord Almighty and His Messenger ﷺ will be pleased with you, and restores your plundered wealth, and restores your dignity and honor. Here is Hizb ut-Tahrir, the pioneer whose people do not lie, calling you to work with it to establish the Second Khilafah Rashidah according to the method of Prophethood.

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To the Sincere Descendants of the Ottoman Heroes

We ask the sincere descendants of the Ottoman heroes: What happened, O great army?! What is this humiliation and weakness?! Is it due to a lack of equipment and supplies?! How can this be, when you are the strongest army in the Middle East? And you rank eighth among the strongest armies in the world, while the Jewish entity ranks eleventh. That is, you are ahead of it in all respects, so how can you accept humiliation?!

The Jihadi army may lose a battle, but it will not lose a war; because the determination that ignited its leaders and soldiers is the same determination that created Badr, Hunayn, and Yarmouk, it is the same determination that opened Andalusia and made Muhammad al-Fatih determined to conquer Constantinople. And it is the same determination that will liberate Al-Aqsa and restore things to their rightful place.

We affirm that the national military doctrine has been lost and not preserved. It is a doctrine of weakness and failure, which diminishes the prestige of the army because it does not open the door to fighting in the way of God. It is a doctrine that made the military a job to receive a salary, so conscription became a heavy burden on the hearts of young people, who avoid it. It is a doctrine that made military ranks for boasting, so the army was emptied of its true meaning.

We in Hizb ut-Tahrir call on our sons in the Turkish army not to continue abandoning Jihad and not to support the Muslims who are crying out for their help; because that is an evil, and what an evil... So do not abandon the pinnacle of this religion until you win in both worlds.

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Trump's Attack on the Democrats

A Coup Against Democracy and an Exposure of Its Falsehood

(Al Jazeera Net, Wednesday, Jumada Al-Akhira 14, 1447 AH, 2025/11/5AD) US President Donald Trump launched a series of sharp statements, criticizing the performance of the Democrats, the voting system, immigration policies, and the government shutdown, stressing that the time has come for the Republicans to take decisive steps (Al Jazeera Network).

Ar-Raya: Since Donald Trump's rise to the American political scene, the world has witnessed a wide debate about the nature of his speech and his style in dealing with his political opponents. Between those who see him as a reformer who wants to restore America to its "lost greatness," and those who consider him a direct threat to the values of democracy, the most important question remains: Is Trump's continuous attack on the Democratic Party merely a normal political conflict, or is it in its essence a coup against American democracy itself?

Trump's attack on the Democrats comes as an internal explosion in the heart of the American system, as it exposes the real conflict between the elite class that controls the joints of the state, and the American people who feel that their voice is no longer effective in the political decision.

Trump's attack on the Democrats, although it seems like a rebellion against American political norms, is in fact a mirror that reflects the crisis of Western democracy itself. It is not only a coup against democracy, but an exposure of its falsehood, and that it is a dead person waiting for the Khilafah state to announce its death and bury it soon, God willing. Our responsibility is to be certain that the path to renaissance is not by imitating