جريدة الراية: الخلافة الراشدة التي نريد هي خلافة على منهاج النبوة لا وراثة فيها
March 16, 2021

جريدة الراية: الخلافة الراشدة التي نريد هي خلافة على منهاج النبوة لا وراثة فيها

Al Raya sahafa

2021-03-17

جريدة الراية: الخلافة الراشدة التي نريد هي خلافة على منهاج النبوة لا وراثة فيها

 لم تع الأجيال الحاضرة على الدولة الإسلامية التي تطبق الإسلام كما نزل، واستمر غياب الوعي هذا قرابة 100 عام، ولهذا فإنه من الصعب تقريب صورة الحكم الإسلامي إلى أذهان متأثرة بالواقع إلى حد كبير، ولا تستطيع أن تتصور الحكم إلا في مقياس ما ترى في الواقع من ديمقراطيات وملكيات ووطنيات وغير ذلك من أشكال مختلفة في التنظيم السياسي والاقتصادي والمجتمعي.

وفي هذه العجالة أحببت الوقوف على شكل للحكم يحتاج المسلمون أن يدركوا حقيقته في ضوء الشرع، وأقصد الملكية ووراثة العهد.

من ناحية أساسية أقول: إن الحكم والسلطان أصالةً هو للأمة. فالأمة هي المخاطبة بتطبيق أحكام الشرع، وقد نزلت عشرات الآيات في القرآن الكريم في الحكم والسلطان تأمر المسلمين بالحكم بما أنزل الله بتفصيلاته المتعددة. قال تعالى: ﴿وَالسَّارِقُ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فَاقْطَعُواْ أَيْدِيَهُمَا﴾ وقال: ﴿الزَّانِيَةُ وَالزَّانِي فَاجْلِدُوا كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا مِئَةَ جَلْدَةٍ﴾، وقال: ﴿وَإِذَا حَكَمْتُم بَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَن تَحْكُمُواْ بِالْعَدْلِ﴾ وقال: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ قَاتِلُواْ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُم مِّنَ الْكُفَّارِ وَلِيَجِدُواْ فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةً﴾ وقال: ﴿وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ يَاْ أُولِيْ الأَلْبَابِ﴾ وقال: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ أَوْفُواْ بِالْعُقُودِ﴾ وغير ذلك كثير.

وكي تطبق الأمة هذه الأحكام على أرض الواقع جاء الإسلام وبين لها الطريقة الشرعية لذلك؛ بأن أمر المسلمين أن يقيموا دولة على أساس الإسلام، وأن ينتخبوا حاكماً منهم يبايعونه على السمع والطاعة لتطبيق الشرع.

أي أن الحاكم في نظام الإسلام نائب عن الأمة في تطبيق الشرع. والسلطان للأمة قطعاً، وهذه من قواعد الحكم في الإسلام، وهي قاعدة مأخوذة من جعل الشرع نصب رئيس الدولة لا يكون إلا من الأمة أو الأغلبية منها. والنصوص متضافرة تدل على أن الخليفة إنما يأخذ السلطان بهذه البيعة. قال عليه الصلاة والسلام: «وَمَنْ بَايَعَ إِمَامًا فَأَعْطَاهُ صَفْقَةَ يَدِهِ وَثَمَرَةَ قَلْبِهِ» وقال ﷺ: «بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي الْمَنْشَطِ وَالْمَكْرَهِ وَأَنْ لَا نُنَازِعَ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ».

فالشرع جعل الخليفة ينصب بالبيعة، وجعل البيعة من المسلمين للخليفة، وليس من جماعة معينة، وليس فئة معينة منهم كالجيش أو الزعماء أو الأحزاب أو السياسيين أو من شاكل ذلك، بل المسلمين. وكذلك ما حصل من الخلفاء الراشدين بعد الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام إنما كان الخليفة ينصب بالبيعة من الناس، فأبو بكر لم يصبح خليفة إلا بعقد البيعة له، وعمر رشحه أبو بكر بعد أن استشار الصحابة فرضوا به، وذلك قوله رضي الله عنه "أترضون بمن أستخلف عليكم، فوالله ما ألوت، ولا تلوت، ولا ألوت عن جهد الرأي، ولا وليت ذا قرابة". ولم يصبح عمر خليفة بهذا الترشيح، بل بعقد البيعة له بعد وفاة أبي بكر برضا من الصحابة، وكذلك الحال مع عثمان وعلي رضي الله عنهم أجمعين.

فحكم الشرع هو أن نصب الخليفة محصور بطريقة واحدة هي البيعة من المسلمين.

فإذا لم تمارس الأمة حقها في البيعة، كأن يُغتصب الحكم بالقوة والقهر، أو يؤخذ الحكم بدعم قوى خارجية، أو يكون الحكم بالتوارث داخل أسرة، فإن السلطان يكون حينئذ قد انتُزع من الأمة.

على أن عقد الخلافة عقد مراضاة واختيار كسائر العقود لا يتم إلا بين عاقدين أحدهما: الأمة، والثاني: الحاكم أو الخليفة، فهو عقد حكم، فإذا فُقد فيه أحد العاقدين بطل العقد كلياً، فكان كأي عقد من العقود الباطلة، ولا يكون الحاكم حاكماً معتبراً شرعاً، بل يعتبر الحاكم حينئذ مغتصباً للحكم، ويطبَّق في حقه حكم الغاصب.

فالسلطان للأمة قطعاً، وهو أمر من الخطورة والأهمية بحيث يصل حكم التعدي عليه إلى درجة القتل! وها هو عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه يؤكد على ذلك بقوله "من بايع رجلاً من غير مشورة من المسلمين فلا يتابع هو ولا الذي بايعه تغرةً أن يقتلا"، وقوله للستة "من تأمر منكم على غير مشورة من المسلمين فاضربوا عنقه".

وكان موقف كبار الصحابة واضحاً وعنيفاً حينما شعروا ببوادر إساءة تطبيق البيعة، وعارضوا ذلك أشد معارضة، واعتبروها فعلة نكراء واستنكروها وهاجموها.

قال عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر لمعاوية في أحداث تولية يزيد "إنك والله لوددت أنا وكلناك في أمر ابنك إلى الله، وإنا والله لا نفعل، والله لتردنّ هذا الأمر شورى بين المسلمين، أو لنعيدنّها عليك جَذَعَة (أي الحرب) ثم خرج".

ولما قال مروان بن الحكم في بيعة يزيد "سنة أبي بكر الراشدة المهدية"، رد عليه عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر فقال: "ليس بسنة أبي بكر، وقد ترك أبو بكر الأهل والعشيرة، وعدل إلى رجل من بني عدي، أن رأى أنه لذلك أهل، ولكنها هرقلية".

وقال عبد الله بن عمر لمعاوية: "إنه قد كان قبلك خلفاء لهم أبناء، ليس ابنك بخير من أبنائهم، فلم يروا في أبنائهم ما رأيت أنت في ابنك، ولكنهم اختاروا للمسلمين حيث علموا الخيار".

قال ابن كثير: "لما أخذت البيعة ليزيد في حياة أبيه كان الحسين ممن امتنع من مبايعته هو وابن الزبير وعبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر وابن عمر وابن عباس".

فيجب أن يكون واضحاً لدى المسلمين أن نظام الحكم في الإسلام ليس نظاماً ملكياً، ولا يُقرّ النظام الملكي، ولا يشبه النظام الملكي.

فالنظام الملكي يكون الحكم فيه وراثياً، يرثه الأبناء عن الآباء، كما يرثون تركتهم. والتوارث يكون فقط فيما كان ملكاً خاصاً للمرء يورثه لأهله أو ذريته من بعده، وهو الأمر الذي تقوم عليه الأنظمة الملكية في جوهرها؛ فالسلطان فيها للملك وأسرته، يتناقلونه فيما بينهم بالعهد أو بالصفقات أو حتى بالتنازع والغلبة. بينما نظام الحكم في الإسلام لا وراثة فيه، بل يتولاه من تبايعه الأُمة بالرضا والاختيار. قال الإمام ابن حزم عن الإمامة: "لا خلاف بين أحد من أهل الإسلام أنه لا يجوز التوارث فيها".

ومن خصائص النظام الملكي أنه يخصّ الملك بامتيازات وحقوق خاصة، لا تكون لأحد سواه من أفراد الرعية، ويجعله فوق القانون، ويمنع ذاته من أن تُمسّ، ويجعله رمزاً للأُمة.

بينما نظام الإسلام لا يخصّ الخليفة أو الإمام بأية امتيازات أو حقوق خاصة، فليس له إلا ما لأي فرد من أفراد الأُمة. وهو ليس رمزاً للأُمة يملك ولا يحكم، ولا رمزاً لها يملك ويحكم ويتصرف بالبلاد والعباد كما يريد ويهوى، بل هو نائب عن الأُمة في الحكم والسلطان، اختارته وبايعته بالرضا ليطبق عليها شرع الله، وهو مُقيَّد في جميع تصرفاته وأحكامه ورعايته لشؤون الأُمة ومصالحها بالأحكام الشرعية.

هذا فضلاً عن انعدام ولاية العهد في نظام الحكم الإسلامي، بل هو يستنكر ولاية العهد، ويستنكر أن يؤخذ الحكم عن طريق الوراثة، ويحصر طريقة أخذه بالبيعة من الأُمة للخليفة بالرضا والاختيار.

إلا أنه، وبعيد فترة الخلافة الراشدة، تسرب في جسد الأمة الشكل الملكي في الحكم، وتوسع هذا الانحراف حتى نشأت واقعياً عائلات حكم، وتركز على مدى العصور هذا الشكل، فصار معتاداً أن يعين الخليفة أخاه أو ابنه ولياً للعهد، ويعين أخاه الآخر وزيراً، ويوزع أقاربه على مناصب الولاية والعمالة وقيادة الجيوش وقضاء المصالح الإدارية وسائر المناصب القيادية في الدولة.

ومع هذه التراكمات التاريخية في حياة الأمة، وبفعل عوامل متعددة، فسد الذوق السياسي لدى الكثير من أبناء الأمة، وصار معتاداً التعامل مع الشكل الملكي في الحكم، واعتبار ذلك شكلاً تاريخياً مقبولاً ومطلباً واقعياً معاصراً لتحقيق الاستقرار في السلطة. بل تغلغل هذا الشكل في الحياة السياسية والمجتمعية إلى مستوى جعل الدولة أشبه بالفعل بالإرث الخاص!

فمثلاً يستسيغ البعض أن يصف الدولة ببلد ابن فلان، وصار انتقال الحكم من الأب لابنه أو أخيه تحصيل حاصل، وتمددت الامتيازات الخاصة لتشمل أبناء الأسر المالكة جميعهم، وغير ذلك العديد من مظاهر خصخصة الحكم والسلطان.

فلأجل ذلك كله، ولكي تكون الخلافة القادمة على منهاج النبوة، لا بد من وضوح قاعدة السلطان للأمة، ولا بد من التحسس الشديد لأي مظهر محتمل يطل برأسه لتكرار ما حصل في التاريخ من تركز العائلات في الحكم، وأن تتخذ الأساليب القوية والحاسمة لقطع الطريق أمام أي رائحة لمظهر ملكي. ومن ذلك مثلاً اشتراط الناس على الحاكم، قبل تنصيبه حاكماً، عدم تعيين أقاربه في مناصب قيادية في السلطة، وهذا من الشروط الجائزة التي لا تخالف الشرع والتي يحق للناس اشتراطها.

في النهاية وتلخيصاً لما سبق، أقول: إن في الخلافة التي نريدها ونعمل لها: الخليفة نائب عن الأمة في تطبيق الشرع، وهو رجل تختاره الأمة عن رضا، والبيعة هي الطريقة لتنصيب الحاكم وليست ديكوراً لمصافحة الحاكم، وأقارب الحاكم بلا مميزات ولا نفوذ ولا مناصب قيادية، والدولة في النهاية دولة الأمة وليست دولة بني فلان أو فلان.

المهندس أسامة الثويني – ولاية الكويت

المصدر: جريدة الراية

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Ar-Raya Newspaper: Ar-Raya Miscellany – Issue 573

Al Raya sahafa

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Ar-Raya Newspaper:Ar-Raya Miscellany – Issue 573

O people of Sudan: How long will the conflict in Sudan and elsewhere remain fuel for international ambitions and their struggle with their malicious plans, interventions, and supplying the conflicting parties with weapons to completely control it?! Your women and children have been suffering for more than two years from this bloody conflict that only serves the interests of the West and its allies in controlling the fate of Sudan, which has always been coveted for its location and wealth, so it is in their interest to tear it apart and fragment it. The Rapid Support Forces' seizure of Al-Fashir is just another episode in these plans, as America wants to carve out the Darfur region and concentrate its influence in Sudan and eliminate British influence in it.

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In light of the American offensive against Lebanon and the region with the project of normalization and surrender, and the US administration's endeavor under Trump and his team to bring more rulers of Muslim countries into the Abraham Accords, the visit of the American envoy Morgan Ortagus to Lebanon and the usurping Jewish entity comes, loaded with political, security, and economic pressures, threats, and conditions on Lebanon, noting that this visit coincided with the visit of the Secretary-General of the Arab League and the Director of Egyptian Intelligence, apparently to serve the same direction.

In response to these visits, a media statement from the Media Office of Hizb ut-Tahrir in Wilayah Lebanon affirmed the following:

First: The interventions of America and its followers in Muslim countries are to serve the interests of America and the Jewish entity, not to serve our interests, especially since America is the first supporter of the Jewish entity in politics, economy, finance, weapons, and media, openly and publicly.

Second: The envoy's visit is not a neutral visit, as some may imagine! Rather, it comes in the context of a clear American policy in the region that supports the Jewish entity and contributes to enabling it militarily and politically, and what the American envoy offers is only an imposition of hegemony, a consecration of subservience, and a diminution of sovereignty, which is a form of surrender and submission to the Jews, and this is what God refuses for the people of Islam.

Third: Accepting these dictates and signing any agreements that consecrate foreign tutelage is a betrayal of God, His Messenger, the Ummah, and everyone who fought or sacrificed to remove this usurping entity from Lebanon and Palestine.

Fourth: Dealing with the Jewish entity is a crime in the legal sense for the vast majority of the people of Lebanon, Muslims and non-Muslims, even in the positive law to which the Lebanese authority resorts, or human law in general, especially after the criminal entity committed genocide in Gaza, which it has not and will not hesitate to do in Lebanon and other Muslim countries.

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In conclusion, Hizb ut-Tahrir/ Wilayah Lebanon continues to adopt the task of repelling America's campaign and offensive of normalization and surrender on Lebanon and the region, and nothing will deter it from doing so, and we warn the Lebanese authority against following the path of normalization and surrender! And we call on it to seek refuge in its people to confront that, and not to play around with the matter under the pretext of borders or reconstruction and the influence of the international system, ﴿And Allah is predominant over His affair, but most people do not know.﴾.

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Professor Khalid Hussein - Head of the Democratic Unionist Party, Jalaa Al-Azhari wing.

Dr. Abdullah Youssef Abu Seil - Lawyer and Professor of Law at universities.

Sheikh Abdul Rahim Jouda - From the Ansar al-Sunna group.

Mr. Ahmed Muhammad - Suna News Agency correspondent.

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"Every Muslim is inviolable to another Muslim: his blood, his wealth, and his honor."

To every Muslim, to every officer, soldier, and policeman, to everyone who owns a weapon: God Almighty has granted us reason to think with, and obligated us to use it correctly, so one should not act, perform any action, or utter any statement before knowing its Shariah ruling. Knowing the Shariah ruling requires understanding the reality to which the Shariah ruling is to be applied, so the Muslim must enjoy political awareness, so that he perceives matters as they really are, and is not carried away by the plans of the colonizing disbelievers who do not want good for us or for Islam, and who strive with all their might, cunning, and ingenuity to tear us apart, control our countries, and plunder our capabilities and wealth. How can a Muslim accept to be a tool in the hands of those colonizing disbelievers, or an executor of the orders of their agents?! Does he covet a little of the fleeting pleasures of this world, so he loses his Hereafter and is among the people of the Fire, abiding therein forever, cursed and expelled from the mercy of God? Does a Muslim accept to please any of the created, helpless humans while angering God Almighty, in whose hand is this world and the Hereafter?!

Hizb ut-Tahrir calls you to raise the level of political awareness, adhere to the rulings of God Almighty, and work with it to rule according to what God has revealed, so that it removes the hands of the colonizing disbelievers and their agents from you, and thwarts their plans in our countries.

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You Are the Ones Who Starved the Muslims

O Masoud Pezeshkian!

Under this title, the Central Media Office of Hizb ut-Tahrir said in a press statement: Iran has announced the bankruptcy of the largest private bank in it, which is (Ayandeh) Bank, and this bank has 270 branches in Iran, after the debts on it increased to five billion dollars. What is surprising in the matter is the criticism of Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian for administrative failure, saying: "We have oil and gas, but we are hungry"!

The statement affirmed: The person responsible for that administrative failure that the Iranian president is talking about is the president himself, so why is the Iranian people hungry - O Masoud Pezeshkian - and you have oil, gas, and other wealth and minerals? Is it not a result of your foolish policies? Is it not due to your distance from ruling by Islam? The same can be said about the rest of the Muslim countries. The foolish rulers in them squander the Ummah's huge wealth, enable the colonizing disbelievers to access it, and deprive the Ummah of that wealth, then one of them comes to justify the reason for the hunger by saying that it is an administrative failure!

In conclusion, the press statement addressed the Muslims: The foolishness of these rulers who are in charge of your affairs has become clear to every sighted person, and they are not worthy of taking charge of it. It is time for you to restrain them, for this is the ruling of the fool; preventing him from disposing of money and restraining him, and pledge allegiance to one Khaleefah who rules you with the Shariah of God Almighty, and cancels the riba system in your countries so that your Lord Almighty and His Messenger ﷺ will be pleased with you, and restores your plundered wealth, and restores your dignity and honor. Here is Hizb ut-Tahrir, the pioneer whose people do not lie, calling you to work with it to establish the Second Khilafah Rashidah according to the method of Prophethood.

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To the Sincere Descendants of the Ottoman Heroes

We ask the sincere descendants of the Ottoman heroes: What happened, O great army?! What is this humiliation and weakness?! Is it due to a lack of equipment and supplies?! How can this be, when you are the strongest army in the Middle East? And you rank eighth among the strongest armies in the world, while the Jewish entity ranks eleventh. That is, you are ahead of it in all respects, so how can you accept humiliation?!

The Jihadi army may lose a battle, but it will not lose a war; because the determination that ignited its leaders and soldiers is the same determination that created Badr, Hunayn, and Yarmouk, it is the same determination that opened Andalusia and made Muhammad al-Fatih determined to conquer Constantinople. And it is the same determination that will liberate Al-Aqsa and restore things to their rightful place.

We affirm that the national military doctrine has been lost and not preserved. It is a doctrine of weakness and failure, which diminishes the prestige of the army because it does not open the door to fighting in the way of God. It is a doctrine that made the military a job to receive a salary, so conscription became a heavy burden on the hearts of young people, who avoid it. It is a doctrine that made military ranks for boasting, so the army was emptied of its true meaning.

We in Hizb ut-Tahrir call on our sons in the Turkish army not to continue abandoning Jihad and not to support the Muslims who are crying out for their help; because that is an evil, and what an evil... So do not abandon the pinnacle of this religion until you win in both worlds.

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Trump's Attack on the Democrats

A Coup Against Democracy and an Exposure of Its Falsehood

(Al Jazeera Net, Wednesday, Jumada Al-Akhira 14, 1447 AH, 2025/11/5AD) US President Donald Trump launched a series of sharp statements, criticizing the performance of the Democrats, the voting system, immigration policies, and the government shutdown, stressing that the time has come for the Republicans to take decisive steps (Al Jazeera Network).

Ar-Raya: Since Donald Trump's rise to the American political scene, the world has witnessed a wide debate about the nature of his speech and his style in dealing with his political opponents. Between those who see him as a reformer who wants to restore America to its "lost greatness," and those who consider him a direct threat to the values of democracy, the most important question remains: Is Trump's continuous attack on the Democratic Party merely a normal political conflict, or is it in its essence a coup against American democracy itself?

Trump's attack on the Democrats comes as an internal explosion in the heart of the American system, as it exposes the real conflict between the elite class that controls the joints of the state, and the American people who feel that their voice is no longer effective in the political decision.

Trump's attack on the Democrats, although it seems like a rebellion against American political norms, is in fact a mirror that reflects the crisis of Western democracy itself. It is not only a coup against democracy, but an exposure of its falsehood, and that it is a dead person waiting for the Khilafah state to announce its death and bury it soon, God willing. Our responsibility is to be certain that the path to renaissance is not by imitating